Is Less Invasive Surfactant Administration Better than INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation for Prophylactic Surfactant Replacement Therapy?

Purpose: The study aimed to examine whether prophylactic surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) with less invasive administration (LISA) by tracheal catheterization in a group of spontaneously breathing preterm infants would improve clinical outcomes compared SRT the INtubation-SURfactantExtubation (INSURE) method.Methods: We 20 infants, 25 29 weeks gestation or birth weight than 1,250 g, treated using gastric tube (LISA group), matched gestational age and weight, managed via INSURE method (INSURE group, historical control).Results: LISA had lower rates mechanical ventilation (MV) 72 hours after (<i>P</i>=0.019) at any time (<i>P</i>=0.025), frequency bradycardia during (<i>P</i>=0.031), median duration MV (<i>P</i>=0.038). In multivariate analysis, was associated significantly likelihood receiving hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 0.029; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.001 0.938; <i>P</i>=0.046) decreased (OR, 0.020; CI, 0.535; <i>P</i>=0.020) as method.Conclusion: Prophylactic may reduce exposure administration.